Flying-machine.



V Y M. HINESL FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1. 1919-.

Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET INVENTOR ATTORNEYS MM aw HINES. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED FEB- l-. I917.

1,276,760 I Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

2 suns-swan 2.

WITNESSES: v INVENTUR fiarzz'ncfi'iees MARTIN HINES, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK..

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Aug. 27, 1918.

Application filed February 1, 1917. Serial N 0. 145,886.

To all wkom it may concern.-

zen of the United States, residing at borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to aeronautical ma chines, capable of ascension from a given point, then to be driven in any direction at the will of the pilot.

One of the objects is to not only provide a machine that is capable of lifting and navigating alone, but the provision of a crew to look after the working parts of the machine, or ship as it is sometimes called, in

addition to the capacity for sustaining great weight.

One of the main features is to provide a machine of the above character with wings, that are operated in pairs, and each alternate pair formed into groups, said groups operated from a crank shaft of the motor in such manner that one group is lifting while the other is on its upward stroke. By this construction the ship is permitted at all times to travel on an even keel and will remain steady. The novel arrangement of the stabilizer in the front of the ship, and the driving motor in the rear of the same is so constituted that it not only drives the ship forward but may be used at will as an ancillary steering device. In addition to the above is provided deck space where the crew or passengers may with perfect safety go from one part to another of the ship.

' The above objects briefly stated consist of the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter further described in detail and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, similar reference characters designate like parts throughout the several views: Figure 1 is-a side view of the operating parts of my invention, parts being omitted for clearness and space; Fig..

2 is a detached bottom view of one of the wings, showing'its construction; Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the same taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2, showing the. arrangements for holding the wing spread and the braces for maintaining it in that position; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the ship taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 5 is a detached detail plan view of the stabilizer showing the pilots wheel for operating the same, and Be 1t known that I, MARTIN HINES, a citi- Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of the rear end of the ship, showing means for shifting the position of the propeller.

' In the preferred form of my invention the upright frames 1, secure together the upper part 2, to the lower part 3, while intermediate thereof is provided a support 4, extending longitudinally of the structure, such support being carried by the upper part 2 and held secure in position by braces from the uprights 1, thus providing a strong light rectangular frame. The ship is provided with a multi-cylinder engine 6, centrally located, with its crank shaft 7 extending fore and aft, while arranged parallel thereto is an operating platform 5 provided with a railing or guard 5 which affords a protected passage way of such construction and width as to offer the least amountof resistance' in ascending or descending. The crank shaft is housed in suitable bearingsS, arranged at suitable distance from each other. To the support tare secured bearings 9 for the vertical operating pitmen 10, which latter are connected by toggle connections 11, to links 12, the latter being connected to the crank shaft 7, whereby the necessary vertical movement up and down. 1s given to the pitmen, and thereby to the wings which will be now described- Connected to the frame 2, and spaced at prearranged distances, are sockets 13, for the proper operation of the wings 14. The latter comprise a main central arm 15, provided at suitable distances with brass unctures 16, from which radiate arms 17 which are braced together vertically and longltu- ,dinally of the same (see Figs. 2 and 3) by wires 18 and 19, over which is stretched a suitable material 20, such as that used in the construction of balloons and the wings of the usual swift A monoplanes and biplanes. By this construction and arrangement of the wing, a very strong lifting means is provided and when each group is so arranged, this insures the capacity for sustaining any predetermined loadthat may be carried by the ship. While no means are shown for holding the material of the wlngs in pos1- tion, yet such-may be prov ded. 21 is a hearing by which each wlng is secured to a socket 13, on the frame. As has been noted, these wings are operated in pairs, each pair being connected to the T head 22 at the upof the pilot. To the turn-table is secured another engine 24, the shaft 25 of which is provided with a clutch 26, suitable mechanism 27 being provided, whereby the propeller 28 may be thrown into or out of operation. This may bedesirable in some instances where it is necessary to ascend ina given space, instead ofat an angle like the ordinary aeroplanes, then by starting the engine 24, the propeller 28 forces the ship forward at any desired speed.

In the construction shown it is designed to have the-stabilizer 29, in front of the pilot, and its construction and arrangementsresemble very much that, of a sail boat, having a mast 30, provided with arms 31 and 32to which is secured suitable material 33. Just in the rear of the mast 30, is a vertical shaft 34, provided with a hand wheel 35, and at its upper end with a drum 36, around which the guiding means 37 passes to pulleys 38, and thence to the arm 32 (see Fig. 5) while on this same shaft 34, is arranged a second hand wheel 39, located a suitable distance beneath the one 35. The hand Wheel 39, carries at its lower end a drum 40, around which the guiding means 41 for the rear motor 24 passes over pulleys 42 to the rear pulleys 43, thence to a suitable connection to the turn-table 23. By this means just described it will be seen that should the pilot desire to make a very short turn, all he has to do is to operate the hand wheel 39 in the proper direction and by so doing the turn-table will be thrown to one or the other side to a more or less degree as indicated in Fig. 6.

At the lower art of the frame 3 of the ship are provided means 44, or any other approved devices, for attaching a passenger car-boat, that is one that may be used for either or both purposes, in addition to having suitable wheels for moving the ship when being placed in or taken out of its hangar. While these parts are not shown, yet it will be understood that the same may be applied to the ship, so as to fully equip the same-for the purposes for which it was designed. Again such car may provide quarters for the passengers and crew when not on the upper deck.

From the aboveit will be understood that the ship may ascend from either land or water, and may then be driven forward at any desired speed. The pilot would have conveniently about him all necessary instruments for aerial navigation to insure altitude, etc. As shown in Fig. 4, suitable fuel tanks 45 and 46 are provided, each of such capacity as to permit of the ship going on long journeys or at least remaining in the air a long time.

The construction and arrangement of the lifting devices as arranged to operate on the principle of a birds'wing, permits of an easy movement of the ship in its ascent, and when at a sufiicient height to clear obstructions the propeller is started, the ship will move forward with great ease. The several pairs -of wings by their construction pocket the air and give the ship an easy movement in its ascent, while the reverse stroke of the wings affords the minimum amount of resistance to the air to the maximum amount of its lifting power.

The whole flying machine is designed particularly not only for pleasure and commercial purposes, but the same may be used for scouting or for war purposes, being so designed and proportioned as to its lifting and traveling power in addition to having vast space for carrying aerial torpedoes, rapld fire guns and other implements of war, Without in any way handicapping the advantages previously pointed out. Thus we have a novel design of a pleasure or commercial craft or one that may be used as an air battle ship.

Such machines having co-called wings, flapping planes and the like have been known, butin these there are serious ob ections such as chains, cams, gears and eccentrics all of which are not practical in a flying machine. The ship illustrated herein has all objectional parts eliminated, and only such means are employed as will provide a safe, practical means for such .machines, which is addition may, to have the ship fully and up-to-date equipped, be provided with wireless outfit and other such means for com municating while on a journey. All of such means complete the outfit for a safe transit.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have hereindescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus, which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the machine is only' illustrative, and as has been noted, the invention may be equipped with a fighting platform instead of a boat, with guns and other means placed thereon so that it may be used for war purposes.- Again, while it is designed to use various features and elements in the combination and relations as described, some of,

which it is to be used, all of which have been heretofore set forth in the description.

1. In an aerial navigating machine, the combination of a carrying frame, a plurality of pairs of wings positioned in said carrying frame, a coupling between each pair of wings, a crank-shaft arranged in said carrying frame and having mutually-alternating cranks, links connected to the cranks of said crank-shaft, pitmen and toggle-connections between said links and said pitmen, said couplings being pivoted to said wings and said pitmen being connected to said Wingcouplings, and means for actuating said crank-shaft.

2. In an aerial navigating machine, the

provided with spaced-apart transverse or radial bracing members, over which suitable material is stretched covering longitudinally one side thereof, leaving an opposite open combination of a carrying frame equipped with propelling means, actuating means for said propelling means, and a stabilizer including a vertical member having arms be- .tween which and said vertical member is stretched and secured a suitable flexible material, a vertical shaft positioned adja-' cently to said stabilizer and provided with pulleys and hand-actuated means, guiding means for said'stabilizer,'engaging a pulley of said hand-actuated means, and a turntable provided with a motor, and guiding means for said turn-table engaging another of the pulleys of said hand-actuated means.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name in the presence of subscribing witnesses.

- MARTIN HINES. Witnesses:

Go'rrrnmo J. KoHLHErr,

J. B. MoGmR. 

